Understand the Main Legislation for Safeguarding Children

Unit 333 – Understand how to safeguard the wellbeing of children and young people. Outcome 1 – Understand the main legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures for safeguarding children and young people. The safe guarding of children has only been developed in the last 50 years. However it is a vital part of working with children. The legislations, guidelines and policies for safeguarding are updated all the time for the best interest of the children.The current legislations are as follows; * The Children Act 1989 – this act shows the responsibilities of parents and professionals when ensuring children’s safety. There are two important sections which focus on child protection. Section 47 – the local authority has a duty to investigate when they have reasonable cause to suspect that a child in their area is suffering significant harm. Section 17 – services must be put in place to safeguard and promote the welfare of children in the area wh o are in need.The main aims of this act where to achieve a balance between protecting children and the rights of parent to challenge state intervention, encourage partnership between statutory authorities and parents, restructure the framework of the courts in particular with regards to family proceedings and finally redefining the concept of parental responsibility. * Every Child Matters are the guidelines which lead to the Children Act 2004.The main points of the act are, there should be a much closer relationship between agencies such as health professionals, schools and welfare services, there should be a shared data base of information which if relevant to the safety and welfare of children, Earlier support for parent experiencing problems, Ofsted to set a frame work that will monitor children’s services. This became a legal requirement and Local safeguarding children boards (LSCB) were formed to carry out these different things. Education Act 2002 – Sets out the responsibilities of local education authorities, governing bodies, head teachers and all those working in schools to ensure children are safe and free from harm. * The United Nation Convention on the rights of the Child 1989 (UNCRC) – Protects the rights of children, setting out the guidelines for what a child is entitled to regardless of their background treat every child as equal and respecting their human rights.Things such as, a right to education and health care, the right to grow up in a loving happy and understanding environment, the right to develop personalities abilities and potential to the best of their abilities and the right to special protection measures or assistance. The UK signed this legislation in 1990 and ratified it in 1991. * The Common assessment framework (CAF) aims to determine whether a child has additional needs at a young age and support this to make sure their needs are met. The department of education provides guidance for the local authorities including schools in two different policies which are, working together to safeguard children 2010 (sets out the duties of organisations and how they must work together to safeguard children) and what to do if you’re worried a child is being abuse 2006 (looks at the actions all adults should take if they are concerned about child). There are many guidelines, policies and procedures that affect our day to day work when safeguarding children.As we follow all these policies and procedures it affects they way in which we work with children for example the child protection policy, this makes it our responsibility to record and report if there is a child that raises concerns of suspected abuse. The school will also have to check that and concerns are investigated and followed up and also that if any photos are taken of the children that parents have given permission for this. Another procedure would be the risk assessments that are carried out daily.This is part of the daily routin e but when looked at from a different perspective it is another procedure that is set out to safeguard children. It is put in place to make sure that the children are safe and free from harm whilst in the setting and any concerns about safety are reported and sorted before the children are allowed to either play with that equipment or go in the area to ensure they are safe. Making sure that a situation that could potentially cause harm is safe and fine to use.Ensuring the voice of a child is heard, all agencies involved in the safeguarding of children will ensure that the voice of the child is heard particularly in times of distress or trauma as then the support they need can be given. The LSCB are set up by the local authority to make sure that all children are being looked after and the safeguarding and wellbeing of children is being followed. Also if a school has a concern about a child the LSCB will make sure outside agencies work together for the best interest of the child.The Childcare practice is an important policy that all childcare or schools will have to follow that is from nannies all the way through to schools. All professionals working with children will have to ensure that they have a criminal record bureau (CRB) before starting work. Each organisation will also have to show that they are following the correct safeguarding policies and procedure when dealing with situations and also when reporting them.All of these guidelines are use not only locally but nationally to ensure that all the children are safe and their well-being is top priority on a day-to-day basis. When report a safeguarding issue it is vital that the guidelines are followed and followed correctly. Child protection is the term used when referring to the policies and procedures put in place to protect children and young people against suspicion or harm or abuse.Safeguarding has widely started to replace the term child protection when in the context of adults working with children and managing the issues relating to child protection, this is because it has a wider definition of the ways that adults will react to these issues. This has been design to prevent the risks of harm rather than react to them. The LSCB regulations of 2006 states that serious case reviews (SCRs) will be required in situations where a child dies due to known or suspected abuse or neglect. It may be the case if a child has suffered serious or even life threatening injuries.The purpose of a SCR is for agencies to discuss and determine what lessons have been learned from the situation and how the professionals need to work in the future. Then a report for the public will be composed so recommendations are known. The data protection act 1998 sets out the way that a school keeps and store information. Under this act the information gathered for safeguarding and children protection should only be used for this reason and if the pupil concerned or their parents wish to see this information the y have a right to access it.There are a few exceptions to this rule such as, * Information which may cause serious harm or risk of abuse to health of the pupil. * Information given to a court or in adoption or parental order records * Copies of examination scripts or marks prior to their release * Unstructured personal information, or information which is held manually and not in school records. They are also entitled to their own educational records as well.

Company Q Social Responsibility Essay

Company Q Social Responsibility Social responsibility is often viewed as an inconvenience that cuts into shareholder profits. An organization that with this outlook on social responsibility is missing a significant opportunity to improve public perception and drive profits. This is clearly the view of company Q. When twice presented with the opportunity to create both social and monetary capital, they failed miserably. This likely contributed to the closure of 2  stores due to low performance. Not only are they harming their stakeholders (the communities in which they operate) but, they are also harming their shareholders by not capitalizing on revenue opportunities. (Ferrell et al., 2013) There are three clear answers to their deficiencies. The first and most obvious is to begin donating the items that are expired to the local food bank as requested. The second is to implement a code of ethics in the corporate guidelines. Lastly, they should be expanding the current selections of healthy and organic foods. If th ese steps are followed, can the Company Q dig itself out of the loss column and see some profits? The answer is yes. Company Q was recently approached by the local food bank, and asked to donate the day old foods that Company Q had been throwing away. Management declined, opting instead to to continue to write the food off as a loss and throw it into the trash. The reason that was cited was concern for fraud and employee theft. This is an example of the company taking the short term bottom line approach. They have completely ignored an opportunity for positive public relations and social capital. Both of which have been shown to have a positive impact on monetary capi- Running Head: Company Q Social Responsibility There are few opportunities that a business is given where the benefits are so obvious with very little capital investment. How does Company Q accomplish this without risking fraud and employee theft. The answer is simple. Management is clearly not showing a commitment to ethical behavior and it has trickled down to the employee level. An organization cannot expect individual ethics to self govern organization ethics. (Ferrell et al., 2013) If Company Q were to draft a corporate code of ethics, there would be clear guideline to follow when it came to employee expectations. In a perfect world company would draft provisions within this code of ethics for positively impacting the communities they operate beyond offering goods and services for sale. This would send a clear message to  employees of expectations give the company a more positive outlook on social responsibility. Thereby, benefiting both stakeholders and shareholders alike. (Ferrell et al., 2013) Company Q has a fiduciary responsibility as well as a social responsibility. Their fiduciary responsibility is to their shareholders. Management has missed out on opportunities to grow the business in market segments that had been previously ignored. It is not often that customers give direct feedback that translates to higher profits. In the case of healthy organic food options being requested by customers, this is the case. Not only have customers stated that they will buy these items, but these are high margin items that will drive profits, and allow them to increase value for their shareholders. At the same time their social responsibility obligations are being fulfilled by offering these healthy foods to customers. Running Head: Company Q Social Responsibility In a time when many small local businesses struggle to compete with large mega corporations such as Wal-Mart, they cannot afford to ignore an option for strengthening their business. Even if it is different than what they have traditionally done. Reference Ferrell, O. (2013). Business Ethics 2009 Update: Ethical Decision Making and Cases [VitalSouce bookshelf version]. Retrieved from http://online.vitalsource.com/books/9781285279985/id/ch2-L1

Animals Should Be Used in Scientific Research Essay Example for Free

Animals Should Be Used in Scientific Research Essay Over 100 million animals are used every year in the United States as models in biological and medical research to study human disease, injury, development, psychology, and anatomy and physiology. Research involving animals has played a vital role in virtually every major medical advance of the last century. Even today, there is no complete alternative to biomedical research with animals. The vast majority of research animals are mice and rats bred for this purpose. Dogs, cats, and non-human primates together account for less than one-half of one percent of the total, and this number has declined for more than 25 years. Since 1979, the number of dogs and cats needed in animal research has declined by more than 50%. The number of non-human primates needed represents less than .2% (.18% in 2004) and has remained relatively constant—in the 50,000 per year range—for the past decade. The history behind animals being used in scientific research is that is started In Europe and in the US by the early 1900’s and especially during and following World War I the benefits of animal research continued to be recognized. Following the Nuremberg Trials for atrocities by the Nazi’s during World War II, society spoke loudly demanding no research on humans until animal research had made such research a reasonable risk. Today, the majority of people in our society do agree with the idea of the humane and responsible use of animals in research. There is safeguard standards for scientific studies on animals * The USDA has set forth federal regulations governing the care and use of animals in biomedical research that are considered even more extensive than those covering human research subjects. * The Animal Welfare Act sets standards of care for research animals with regard to their housing, feeding, cleanliness, ventilation, and medical needs and requires the use of anesthesia or analgesic drugs for potentially painful procedures and during post-operative care. * The US Public Health Service Act requires that all institutions receiving research funds from NIH, FDA, or CDC adhere to the standards set out in the â€Å"Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals†. * Institutions must follow detailed animal care recommendations and establish an IACUC to ensure that all animals are treated responsibly and humanely Some people think that all animals that are in scientific research are in pain or distress while undergoing the research that is not necessarily true. The 2004 USDA Annual Report reveals that 57% of all research procedures with animals involved no more than slight or momentary pain or distress (i.e., an injection). In 34% of research procedures anesthesia and postoperative painkillers were used. In 9% of the procedures, neither anesthesia nor pain medication could be used, as they would have interfered with research results. Scientific Perspectives Here are 4 reasons why animals are used in research: 1. The principles of anatomy and physiology are true for humans and animals, especially mammals. Once scientists learned that animals were similar to humans, in physiology and anatomy, it became preferable to use animals rather than humans for preliminary research. 2. Certain strains or breeds of animals get the same diseases or conditions as humans. â€Å"Animal Models† are frequently critical to understanding a disease and developing appropriate treatments. 3. Research meant introducing one variable and observing the results of that one item. With animals we can control their environment (temperature, humidity, etc.), and shield them from diseases or conditions not related to the research (control their health). Although human and animals get the disease that may be the subject of a research investigation, the different life styles or living conditions make them poor subjects until preliminary research under controlled conditions has been done. 4. We can use scientifically-v alid numbers of animals. Data from one animal or human is not research; it is a case study. To scientifically test a hypothesis, an adequate number of subjects must be used to statistically test the results of the research. Some individuals claim that we should use human or animals that have a disease to study that disease. Certainly, epidemiological studies (tracking the occurrence of a disease or condition) have provided many important insights into the cause of a disease or a condition, especially when an environmental aspect is responsible. However, epidemiological studies are successful in only a limited number of situations. Only if the study of a disease is severely hindered or not possible when the research subjects have been/are exposed to a variety of environmental factors. According to the American Medical Association, humans are the most frequently used animal in research. However, research studies conducted on humans follow preliminary studies conducted in animals. These animal studies make human studies a reasonable risk. The animal studies are not a guarantee of success, but they do tell us that the human research has a reasonable probability of success. Animals Should Be Used in Scientific Research. (2017, Feb 09).

Article report of making tough calls Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Article report of making tough calls - Essay Example In this paper, we shall be discussing the different aspects that make a true leader especially when making tough calls. It is often extremely essential for every leader to be able to understand what is going on in his organization, as well as have the ability to make necessary adjustments so that his capabilities can be considered an asset. Strong Personality Character can be considered to be a compass because it guides a leader about what he decision he must make. Moreover, a leader has to have the courage to follow through all the decisions that he has made because without it, then his decisions will not work, and will in fact, become meaningless (Gee, 2000). Therefore, without character and courage, a leader will not succeed and he/ she will be seen to falter when the time comes to make difficult choices. If a leader falters, then the organization he runs will also most likely fail. Making the Right Decisions at the Right Time Many leaders throughout history have been unsuccessful because they have failed to make the right decisions when these decisions were needed the most (Stoll, 2009). Every leader has to have the ability to find out the situations that need their immediate attention. After identifying these situations, they have to consider the best solution for them. They have to study the situations exceptionally well and understand them so that their decisions can be correct and well informed. Moreover, failing to understand the situations means that they will likely make the wrong call, which will end up being faulty. The next step to be considered is making a decision according to how best the leader understands the situations. A principled leader must ensure that he has received the opinion of all those involved in order to make a well-balanced call. It is only after he has listened to the input of these people and has made an assessment that the situation does indeed need a call, that he should make a decision concerning how to solve the problem. The third step should be the implementation of the leader’s decision, and this has to be done under his direct supervision. This is to ensure that the decision is implemented to the latter and that no mistakes are made. It will further ensure that the correct results are achieved and not those that are undesirable. The Development of Knowledge Leaders require sufficient knowledge of their organization to ensure that their decisions are highly effective. In order to acquire this knowledge, the leader has to do his own investigations within the organization and come up with as much information about it as he can. He should be ready to stop old practices and be prepared to adopt new ones, which will help in the effective running of his organization. Moreover, he should show some enlightenment through learning his own weaknesses and striving towards mastering them. After doing this, he should consult with his subordinates so that he can get their opinions of how the organization is running as well as where they think improvements should be made (Tichy and Bennis, 2008). A leader cannot do well without the support of his subordinates and to gain this support, he should treat them as equals, listening to their opinions and consulting them wherever the need to do so arises. This will ensure a close relationship with them, and because of their loyalty; they will give their best towards the achievement of the

Transgender and Intersex Terms and Questions (responses) Assignment - 1

Transgender and Intersex Terms and Questions (responses) - Assignment Example A standout amongst the most entrancing things I found is the creators depiction of how individuals see themselves in their inner consciousness. The creator utilizes the MÃ ¶bius Strip, a level lace wound once and afterward joined end to end, which demonstrates a band and ants slithering along a topological riddle - the ground dwelling insect can ceaselessly go on this strip while never getting anyplace. Despite the fact that this book has what added up to 473 pages, the genuine perusing part is just few pages, with the rest gave to the creators careful notes, in which her grant and exploration are clear. When you wade through the exploratory and specialized language one finds that this is an intriguing and vital examination sexing of the body book in the social order. How would we think about sex and sexuality as a component of an improvement framework, and what particularly do we mean nature? Notwithstanding the extent to which we know about sex, there is still a considerable measure we do not think about our sexuality and how it forms in a singular, instead of on a widespread

Nurse-to-Patient Ratio legislation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Nurse-to-Patient Ratio legislation - Essay Example The problem of nurse staffing has been a consistent problem since the year 1996. However, it needs to be addressed since patients nowadays know their rights as they are better informed that earlier about their health. Other issues have also contributed into finding a solution for this problem. This includes high levels of acuity, the amounts allocated by the national budget to this sector and finally the retirement age of employees in this profession (Buerhaus, 2009). Understaffing in government institutions has brought about so many problems that affect the well being of both patients and nurses who are meant to take care of them. These problems mostly arise when these nurses work for long hours. This can lead to patients’ mortality as nurses have a significant number of patients to attend to. In such a case, it is difficult for a nurse to detect any change in the health of the patient and consult a doctor. Secondly, it has led to increasing in the number of infections that are acquired in the hospitals by nurses in the course of their duty (Clark, 2005). This is mostly associated with poor working conditions and lack of the required equipments to perform their duties. This has been a consistent problem in most hospitals hence it should be addressed with immediate effect. Understaffing also causes shock among nurses and as well as bloodstream infections. This is because they receive and admit patients with different illnesses. Due to their limited number, a nurse might be overwhelmed by the complicated and challenging tasks. Hence, this policy if enacted will be of great help to both nurses and patients of this country. Finally, it has also caused psychological problems among nurses. This is because these nurses work for long hours, and they have limited time to take care of themselves. A large number of them in the country spend most of their time taking care of patients in hospitals. Hence, sometimes they may be depressed when they see the

The strategic position of Thorntons PLC in 2003 Essay

The strategic position of Thorntons PLC in 2003 - Essay Example The internal performance of Thorntons Plc is multi-faceted, consisting of various aspects which are inherent in its operations. An internal analysis considers the company's culture, image, organizational culture, key staff, access to natural resources, position on the experience curve, operational efficiency, operational capacity, brand awareness, market share, financial resources, exclusive contracts, and patents and trade secrets. Simplifying all these generates three main considerations-resources, capabilities, and core competencies. Thus, for decision makers inside a firm, the main challenge is the identification, development, deployment, and protection of resources, capabilities, and core competencies (What Tools Are Useful in Assessing the Internal Environment n.d.). In business terms, resources refers to the inputs that goes into the firms production process such as capital equipment, skill, individual employees, patents, finance and talented managers (Dess, Taylor & Lumpkin 2005). Resource can be classified as tangible, intangible, or organization capabilities. The resource-based view of a firm emphasizes that a "firm can earn sustainable supra-normal returns if and only if they have superior resources and those resources are protected by some form of isolating mechanisms preventing their diffusion in the whole industry" (Resource-Based View of a Firm 2007). Furthermore, these supra-normal returns are possible only if resources are valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable, and non-substitutable (Dess, Lumpkin, and Taylor 2005). Tangible resources are relatively easy to identify. This category typically includes the physical and financial assets used to create value for the customer. In order to fully identify the tangible resources of Thorntons Plc, this report will divide them into financial, physical, technological, and organizational resources. 1. Physical Maintaining its reputation as one of the classic makers of indulgent confectionery, Thorntons Plc continues to use a larger proportion of manual processes in its production system. In the industry where almost all the manufacturing processes are mechanized, Thorntons take charge of the quality of its products by being fully different from its competitors. In terms of physical resource, the company becomes remarkable because of its minimal automated processes (Jennings 2003). Thorntons business is also highly dependent on its distribution channels specially its own stores. It should be noted that the company is recognized because of the number of its outlets in the whole United Kingdom (Jennings 2003). These stores have become instrumental in consistency of the services received by each customer. 2. Financial During 2003, Thorntons Plc reports total assets of 114.108 million, 27% of which is in liquid assets. Cash comprises a meager 14% of the current assets or 4.5% of the total resources. In terms of capital structure, debt finances 62.30% of its total resources while equity financing accounts for the remaining 37.7% (Thorntons Plc Annual Report 2003). It should

Psychological disorders Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Psychological disorders - Movie Review Example He is amoral and has no problem being rude and condescending to his friends. After he tires of Tom Ripley’s company, he decides to tell him to leave by telling him he is boring with little regard for his feelings. He calls him a leach who is taking over his possessions and his life although he is the one who had invited him to stay with him. Additionally, he continuously has other sexual relations behind his girlfriends back and shows no remorse for it. He is so charming that he has no problem talking himself out of any problem. Discrepancies and any shortcomings he may have are hidden under a faà §ade of unrestrained adventurism and nonchalance. Although he has an endless supply of his father’s money, he selfishly refuses to lend any money to his lover who urgently needs it to have an abortion. He additionally cannot accept responsibility for her death when she commits suicide after the fact. Individuals suffering from narcissistic personality disorder can be effectively treated through individual cognitive behavioral therapy over a long period of time. The goal or outcome of the treatment is usually to modify distorted thoughts while creating a realistic self image. It is worth noting that successful treatment is usually hindered by the individual’s unwillingness to admit that they suffer from the disorder (APA). Psychopaths intellectualize and rationalize their behavior in a manner that shows dysfunction of conscience. They show no remorse for defrauding and hurting others. They are unable to adapt to societal norms and are usually unable to truly find their true identity. They tend to take up the identities of those that they admire or of people they would want to be. Tom Ripley is the perfect example of a psychopath whose main desire is to belong to a higher social class. He passes himself off as a Princeton graduate by wearing a blazer with the Princeton crest on the pocket. He fools Mr. Greenleaf into

Economic Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Economic Law - Essay Example The establishment of binding dispute settlement system by WTO in 1995 was one of its most plausible achievements. It was developed from GAAT model of settling disputes, the rules and procedures governing (DSU) understanding is that it contains developments that has led to change from a system based on economic power and politics to one based on rule of law (World Bank Group 1994). The outcome was more legality of the WTO that has been praised as benefiting specifically smaller countries, of which many are developing countries and least-developed countries. The shift 'is specifically beneficial for smaller countries, as without the rules and procedures of the DSU... they would not have the necessary bargaining power vis-a-vis the larger powers. 'Similarly, Weiler notes the advantages of the legalised WTO model, 'especially for the meek economically and politically unequal.' International agreements are not any useful if the rules stipulated cannot be complied with especially if the pa rties that are signatories to these agreements can not comply with the obligations as stipulated. An efficient and effective way of settling disputes often increase the members that are signatory to certain agreements commitments to complying and committing to those rules. Members of WTO established current dispute settlement system thus during the Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations shows their commitment to compliance by all Members with their obligations under the WTO Agreement. All members should and have to comply with these regulations as stipulated in writing. It is very important to settle disputes in time and through a structured manner (World Bank Group 1994). It helps to prevent the detrimental effects of unresolved international trade conflicts and to mitigate the imbalances between stronger and weaker players by having their disputes settled on the basis of rules rather than having power determine the outcome. Most people consider the WTO dispute settlement system to be one of the major results of the Uruguay Round (World Bank Group 1994). After the entry into force of the WTO Agreement in 1995, the dispute settlement system soon gained practical importance as Members frequently resorted to using this system. The details of the WTO Agreement have all the certain multilateral agreements. This is to say that, the WTO Agreement contains all agreements that have been considered in the Uruguay Round. References in this guide to the â€Å"WTO Agreement† in general, therefore, include the totality of these rules. However, the WTO Agreement itself, if taken in isolation from its annexes, is a short Agreement containing 16  Articles that set out the institutional framework of the (WTO) as an international organization (Shaffer and Melendez-Ortiz 2010). Specific references to the WTO Agreement (e.g. â€Å"Article XVI of the WTO Agreement†) relate to these rules. World Bank reduces poverty in most countries in world by providing technical and financial help, ensures that people are able to generate their own incomes. They react quickly to the situation which affects any countries negatively. In addition World Bank help in improving health facilities and education especially in developing countries, this increases the leaving standard of the people. It assists in providing food to countries which are facing shortage of foods or high increase in food prices. World bank sustain growth in the future by investing in